Transmission Pathways and Genomic Epidemiology of Emerging Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Environment

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread to the environment through several routes and persist for a more extended period. Therefore, we reviewed pertinent literature understand transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology emerging variants concern (VOCs) in environment, their inactivation strategies, impact COVID-19 on ecosystem. The fallouts studies indicate that transmits air fomite, contaminated surfaces, biomedical wastes, stool, which contaminates wastewater. As result, multiple VOCs were circulating environment. Genomic revealed most prevalent VOC was Delta (B.1.617.2; 44.24%), followed by Omicron (B.1.1.529; 43.33%), Phylogenetic analysis showed environmental strains are clustered with likeness human same or nearby countries, emphasizing significance continued surveillance track emergence new variant. Thus, should reduce viral dispersion rapid appropriate disinfection strategies. Moreover, increased production use macro microfiber plastic products be brought under strict legislation integrated waste management control unrelenting propagation RNA. Finally, comprehensive understanding pathways is crucial forecasting outbreak severity community, allowing us prepare correct tools any impending pandemic. We recommend wastewater-based particulates